Quartz movement in watches works by using a small quartz crystal that vibrates when an electric current is applied. These vibrations occur at a constant frequency. An electronic circuit in the watch converts these vibrations into a regular electrical signal of one second, which moves the watch hands or updates the digital display to show the precise time.
This quartz mechanism is very accurate, with a deviation of only a few seconds per month. Quartz watches are popular because they require less maintenance than mechanical watches and are more affordable. However, they require batteries to operate, which must be replaced periodically.